How Wars Are Won: The 13 Rules of War-From Ancient Greece to the War on Terror

Index

Acheson, Dean, 197, 198, 200, 371n.9

Adrianople. See Battle of Adrianople

Aerial drones. See Unmanned aerial vehicles

Afghanistan, 359n.4

accurate missions against pinpoint targets, 251

  • firebase, 149
  • Gardez operation, 75
  • Kandahar, 150, 229, 355
  • landing overwhelming blow, 232
  • Predator video cameras, 13, 3590.4
  • pressing into enemy’s vitals, 180, 181, 201
  • special forces units, 16, 93, 300, 359n.4
  • Taliban, 25, 149, 152, 180, 201, 251, 300, 3590.4

Agincourt. See Battle of Agincourt

Albany (New York), 209, 211, 213, 3730.9

Alençon, Count of, 58

Alexander (czar), 263, 264, 268, 376n.12

Alexander, Porter, 68, 71, 221

Alexander the Great

  • against unorthodox battle methods, 29
  • Battle of Hydaspes, 7, 302—6
  • cavalry, 47, 255, 260, 367n.3
  • convergent assault, 19
  • and Darius III, 259—61, 375n.5
  • influence of Epaminondas, 375n.3
  • penetrating weak spot, 253—61, 269
  • pressing into heart of enemy, 181—82

Allison, Graham, 357n.3

Alp Arslan, 103—5

Al Qaeda, 16, 24, 25, 93, 201, 232, 251, 300, 303, 355, 359n.4

Ambushes, 1, 6,19, 202, 270

American Indians, 212

American Revolution, 209—20, 373n.12

See also specific battles

Amherst, Jeffrey, 307, 308

Anabasis (Xenophon), 203

Anatolia, 103—4, 107, 182, 256, 258

Anderson, Kenneth A., 145, 147

Anderson, Richard H., 224, 225

Anger, 26

Anglo-Saxons, 5—6, 157

Annihilation, 271

Antietam. See Battle of Antietam

Apache helicopter, 360—61n.12

Appomattox surrender, 193

Arabia, 43—45

Arafat, Yasir, 24

Arbela. See Battle of Arbela

Archers, 20—21, 50—54, 59, 60, 97—103, 105, 107, 117, 153—56, 370n.3

Aristotle, 254

Armenia, 103

Arminius, 206—7

Armor, 60

Arnim, Hans-Jürgen von, 145—48

Arquilla, John, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20

Arrow. See Bow and arrow; Longbow

Artaxerxes II, 202—3

Art of War (Sun Tzu), 30

Aryan people, 98

Assassins (Nizari Ismailis), 24—25

Assyria, 99—100

Asymmetrical armies, 6

Athens (Greece), 235, 237

Atlanta (Georgia), 190—91, 193, 194

Atomic bomb, 181, 338

Auerstädt. See Battle of Auerstädt

Austerlitz. See Battle of Austerlitz

Austria, 127, 130, 262—69, 307, 329


Babylonians, 100

Bagration (prince), 266, 268

Baidar (prince), 112—15

Balck, Hermann, 319

Balfour, Arthur, 277

Baner, Johan, 170

Banks, Nathaniel B., 123—26

Barbarian tribes, 153—54, 157

Basilacius, 105

Battle of Adrianople, 152—56

Battle of Agincourt, 60, 163

Battle of Antietam, 66

Battle of Arbela, 261, 303

Battle of Auerstädt, 82—85

Battle of Austerlitz, 262—69

Battle of Breitenfeld, 76, 168—71

Battle of Britain, 21

Battle of Cannae, 271, 272—75, 276, 287

Battle of Carrhae, 101

Battle of Chaeronea, 254

Battle of Chancellorsville, 220—29, 365n.12, 366n.16

Battle of Crécy, 41, 54, 56—59, 163

Battle of Dupplin Muir, 55—56, 57

Battle of First Manassas, 62, 122

Battle of Fredericksburg, 66—67

Battle of Gettysburg, 67—71, 301

Battle of Granicus, 256—58, 262, 303

Battle of Halidon Hill, 56

Battle of Hastings, 5 6,157—63

Battle of Hydaspes, 302—6

Battle of Issus, 259—60, 303

Battle of Jena, 82—85, 367n.3

Battle of Leuctra, 235—37, 240

Battle of Leuthen, 245—47, 251, 276, 324, 325

Battle of Lützen, 172—73

Battle of Marengo, 336—38

Battle of Midway, 339

Battle of Poitiers, 41, 60, 163

Battle of Rossbach, 241—45

Battle of Saratoga, 209—15

Battle of Second Manassas, 64—65, 66

Battle of Taginae, 52, 53

Battle of Tannenberg, 276, 282—89

Battle of Teutoburger Wald, 204—9, 372n.6

Battle of the Coral Sea, 339

Battle of the Philippine Sea, 348

Battle of Trafalgar, 248—50

Battle of Waterloo, 15, 130—40, 369nn.8—10

Battle of Yorktown, 215—20

Battle of Zama, 183

Battles of the Seven Days, 62, 63, 126

Batu (prince), 114—18

Bayonet, 164

Beau Geste (Wren), 270

Beaulieu, Johann Peter, 129—30, 368n.4

Bedouins, 44—45

BEF. See British Expeditionary Force

Bela IV (king), 111, 114—15

Belgium, 131—32, 138, 141, 313, 315—16, 320, 323

Belisarius, 48—51, 73

Below, Fritz von, 286—88, 377n.10

Bemis Heights, 213, 214

Bernadotte, Jean, 265, 268

Berry, Hiram, 228

Bialystok (Soviet Union), 293—94

Bismarck Islands, 346

Black Hawk helicopter, 361n.14

Blitzkrieg, 141, 289—90

Blücher, Gebhard Leberecht von, 131, 132, 134—38, 140

Bock, Fedor von, 291

Boeotia, 235, 237

Boer War, 43

Borcke, Heros von, 365n.12

Boswell, J. Keith, 228, 229

Bougainville, Louis-Antoine de, 308, 311

Bougainville Island, 341

Bourcet, Pierre de, 241 42

Bow and arrow, 20—21, 50—54, 97, 109, 158, 160—62, 370n.3

  • See also Compound bow; Longbow;
  • Horse-archers

Braddock, Edward, 307

Bradley, Omar, 353, 354

Brauchitsch, Walther von, 296, 322

Breitenfeld. See Battle of Breitenfeld

Britain. See England

British Expeditionary Force (BEF) 321—22

Brute strength, 253—54

B-29 bombers, 338, 340, 348

Bucentaure (ship), 375n.10

Budenny, Seymon, 296—97

Bulgars, 110

Bull Run. See Battle of First Manassas,

Battle of Second Manassas

Bülow, Frederick William von, 131

Burgoyne, John, 209—15, 218, 22f 373mm.9—10

Burma, 340

Burnside, Ambrose E., 66, 67, 22

Byzantines, 48-54,101—7, 156—5’ 364n.6, 367—68n.5, 370n.3


Caesar Augustus, 204, 205, 208—9

Calabria (Italy), 327

Caldron battles, 270—300

  • Battle of Cannae, 272—75
  • Battle of Tannenberg, 282—89
  • German attack on Soviet Union, 289—99
  • Schlieffen Plan, 275—82

Canada, 306

Cannae. See Battle of Cannae

Cannon, 163—64, 166—67, 169

Cape Gloucester (New Britain Island), 378n.7

Caracole, 164—67

Cardaces, 259, 260

Cardigan, Lord, 237—38

Carlton, Sir Guy, 211

Caroline Islands, 340, 345—46

Carthage, 182—83, 272—75, 32t

Cassius, Dio, 205—6

Castiglione (Italy), 262

Castles, 158, 163—64, 363n.21

Cataphract, 49, 101—2, 370n.3

Caucasus (Soviet Union), 194

Cavalry

  • armored, 101—2, 153-57
  • Byzantine, 101—2
  • Hannibal’s, 272, 367n.3
  • Macedonian, 255, 260, 367ii.3
  • Mongol, 108—18
  • Persian, 256—57
  • shock value, 165, 167
  • See also Horse-archers

Cemetery Hill (Gettysburg), 70—71, 301

Central position, 121—50, 368n.2

  • Civil War (American), 121 27, 140
  • Napoleon as champion of, 127—40
  • Rommel’s use of, 140, 142—48

Ceva (Italy), 129

Chancellorsville. See Battle of

Chancellorsville

Chandler, David C., 375n.1

Change of front, 170

Chapultepec, castle of (Mexico), 190

Charge of the Light Brigade, 237

Chariots, 97, 98, 303

Charles of Lorraine (prince), 241, 244—45, 247

Chesapeake Bay, 215, 217, 218—20, 373n.12

Chiang Kai-shek, 198

China, 21—22, 29—31, 94, 198-200, 340, 351, 355, 358n.4, 371nn.9—10

Chu Pang (Vietnam), 35, 37—39

Cimmerians, 99

Civil War (American), 8, 73

  • Battle of Chancellorsville, 220—29
  • and central position, 121—27
  • countering new weapon, 61—67
  • frontal attacks in, 30 1—2
  • Gettysburg, 67—71
  • penetrating weak point, 252
  • Sherman’s march, 190—94

Cleitus the Black, 258

Clemenceau, Georges, 2

Cleombrotus (king), 235, 236

Clinton, Sir Henry, 211, 215, 216, 218, 372n.9

Clusters, 14, 16-18, 20

Collingwood, Cuthbert, 249, 250

Collins, J. Lawton, 352—53

Command centers, 12

Commanders, 8,15—16,121, 140—41, 180—81, 230

Commnissar order, 294

Communications, 15, 75

Compound bow, 97, 98, 101, 102, 109, 153, 157, 364n.6, 370n.3

Condottiere, 165

Constantine (grand duke), 267

Constantine X (emperor), 103

Constantinople (Istanbul), 48—49, 101, 103, 107

Conventional takeoff and landing, 359n.6

Convergent assault, 19, 75

Corap, André, 317

Cornwallis, Lord, 215 18, 220, 229

Coroalles, Anthony M.,18

Couch, Darius N., 226

Craterus, 304—6

Creasy, Sir Edward, 215

Crécy. See Battle of Crécy

Crimean War, 237

Cuban missile crisis, 3

Cunningham, Alan, 371n.11

Cyrus, 202—3


Dada, 154

Damascus-Medina railway, 44

Danube River, 204—5

Darius (king), 100

Darius III (king), 47, 182, 259—61, 375n.5

Daun, Leopold, 241, 244—47, 3740.5

Davis, Jefferson, 62, 67, 124, 193, 368n.2

Davout, Louis-Nicolas, 82—85, 133, 265, 268

Dean, William F., 87

do Barras, Commander, 219—20

Deception, 9—10, 75, 118—20, 253—54, 301, 323 24

do Gaulle, Charles, 319

do Grasse, Comte, 218—19, 220, 373n.15

Delbrück, Hans, 375n.i

Demaratus the Corinthian, 258

Desaix, Louis C.A., 335 38

Desert warfare, 174

Destouches, Sochet. 217

Detachment 101 (Office of Strategic Services), 27—28

Diem, Ngo Dinh, 33, 363n.14

Dien Bien Phu (Vietnam), 33, 230, 231

Discipline, 165, 166

Dispersion, 13, 16

Distraction, 75

Dnepropetrovsk (Soviet Union), 21

Dnieper River, 296—97

Drill, 165, 166

Drouet d’Erlon, Jean-Baptiste, 134—35

Drusus, 205

Ducas, Andronicus, 105, 106

Ducas, John, 104, 106

Duc Co (Vietnam), 35

“Dumb” bombs, 12

Dunkirk (France), 32 1—23

Dupplin Muir (Scotland), 55-56, 57


Early, Jubal, 68

Eastern Roman Empire. See Byzantines

East Prussia, 282—83, 285—86

Economic communication, 356

Edward I (king), 55

Edward II (king), 56

Edward III (king), 54, 56—57, 59, 60

Edward the Confessor. 158

Egypt, 97, 261, 329

88-mm antiaircraft gun, 15, 175, 176

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 144, 327—28

El Alamein (Egypt), 142, 177

Elba (island), 130

Elephants, 304

Empress Augusta Bay, 341, 343

Enemy rear, maneuvers on, 325—56

Enemy resistance, 180—20 1

Enemy retreat, 202—31

Enemy weakness, 23—45

England

  • American Revolution, 209—20
  • Battle of Britain, 21
  • Battle of Crécy, 41, 57—59
  • Battle of Hastings, 5—6, 157—63
  • Boer War, 43
  • campaign in Arabia, 43 44
  • French and Indian War, 307 12
  • Hundred Years War, 8, 54
  • Seven Years War, 238, 307

Eniwetok Atoll, 345—46

Epaminondas, 234 37, 238, 240, 248, 375n.3

Espoy y Mina, Francisco, 42

Ewell, Richard S., 68, 124—26

Fabian strategy, 40, 183, 273, 275

Fabius Maximus, Quintus, 40, 181, 273

Faid Pass, 144—46

Fear, 26, 362n.3

Feigned retreat, 94—120

Feint, 21

Ferdinand II (Holy Roman emperor), 76, 79, 167, 168, 171

Feriana (Tunisia), 146

Fetterman Massacre, 94

Feudal system, 157, 163

50-mm antitank gun, 175—76

Finschhafen (Huon Peninsula), 343

Fire-and-maneuver tactics, 4, 19, 75, 253

First Manassas. See Battle of First Manassas

First Punic War, 182, 272

First World War. See World War

Foch, Ferdinand, 280

Fondouk Pass, 144, 145

Forbes, John, 307

Fort Bard, 334

Fort Duquesne, 307

Fort Edward, 209, 213

Fortescue, J. W., 312

Fort Ticonderoga, 209, 212—13, 373n.l0

France

  • American Revolution, 2 14—20
  • Battle of Crécy, 41, 56—59, 163
  • Battle of Hastings, 5—6, 157—63
  • Battle of Poitiers, 41, 60, 163
  • feudal system, 157
  • historical guerrilla conflicts,
  • Hundred Years War, 8, 40—41
  • under Louis XIV, 173
  • in Vietnam, 6, 3 1—33
  • World War I, 283
  • World War II defeat, 312 23
  • World War II resistance, 27
  • See also Napoleon Bonaparte

Francis (emperor), 263, 264, 2i

François, Hermann K. von, 285, 377n.10

Franklin, Benjamin, 214

Franz Ferdinand (archduke), I

Fredendall, Lloyd R.. 143, 144,

Frederick II (Holy Roman emperor), 111

Fredericksburg. See Battle of Fredericksburg

Frederick the Great, 81, 127, 238—48, 251, 276, 307, 324, 325, 374nn.5—6

Frederick William III (king), 81, 82, 84, 85

Frémont, John C., 123—26

French and Indian War, 306—12

Fridigern, 154, 155

Fuller, J. F. C., 137, 262, 375n.l

Fyrd, 370n.6


Gafsa Pass, 144—46

Gamelin, Maurice Gustave, 315—16

Gardez operation (Afghanistan), 75, 232

Gates, Horatio, 213

Gaugamela. See Battle of Arbela

Genghis Khan, 108, 109, 325, 326

Genoa (Italy), 332—37

George III (king), 210, 211

George William of Brandenburg, 168

Georgia, 192, 193

Gérard, Etienne Maurice, 135, 137, 138

Germain, Lord George, 210—11, 216, 218, 372n.9

Germanicus, 208—9

Germany

  • Battle of Tannenberg, 276, 282—89
  • Battle of Teutoburger Wald, 204—9
  • and France, 330, 337
  • Holy Roman Empire, 167—68, 173
  • Schlieffen Plan, 275—82
  • World War I, 2 76—89
  • See also World War II

Gettysburg. See Battle of Gettysburg, 67—71

Giap, Vo Nyugen, 30, 31—32, 34, 35

Gilbert Islands, 343

Global Hawk reconnaissance aircraft, 359n.4

Global Positioning System (GPS), 3, 4, 250

Gloucester Point (Virginia), 218, 220

Göring, Hermann, 230, 322—23

Goths, 49—54, 73, 153—56

GPS. See Global Positioning System

Granicus. See Battle of Granicus

Grant, Ulysses S., 190, 191, 192

Graves, Thomas, 218, 219, 373n.15

Great Lakes, 308

“Great Marianas Turkey Shoot,” 347

Great St. Bernard Pass, 332, 333

Greece (ancient), 100, 202—3, 234—37, 255

Gregory IX (pope), 111

Grouchy, Marshal Emmanuel de, 15, 133—34, 136—39, 369nn.9—10

Ground sensors, 13

Guadalcanal, 339

Guam, 338, 347, 348

Guderian, Heinz, 291, 293—98, 313, 315—19, 321, 328

Guerrilla war

  • of Mao Zedong, 28—3 1, 363n.9
  • and modern armies, 11
  • striking at enemy weakness, 23—39
  • successes through history, 40—45
  • and terrorism, 23—24, 26
  • of Totila, 364n.2
  • in Vietnam, 6,17

Guesclin, Constable Bertrand du, 40—42

Guile. See Deception

Gustavus Adolphus (king), 75—80, 93, 165—74, 262

Guy of Ponthieu (count), 370n.5


Halder, Franz, 296

Halsey, William, 341, 343, 344

Hamas, 24

Hamilcar, 272

Hampton Roads (Virginia), 2 15—18, 373n.12, 373n.14

Hannibal, 19, 40, 182—83, 272—76, 326, 367n.3

Harold (king), 5—6, 158—60, 162, 370n.5

Harold Hardrada (king), 158—59

Harriman, W. Averell, 353

Hastings. See Battle of Hastings

Helicopters, 18, 36—37, 204, 360—61nn.12—l4

Hellfire missiles, 13

Henry (prince), 244

Henry of Silesia, 113, 114

Herero tribesmen, 271

Herodotus, 9

Hill, A. P., 70, 221, 228, 229

Hindenburg, Paul von, 285—86

Hiroshima (Japan), 338

Hitler, Adolf

  • and Africa, 141, 174, 177
  • blitzkrieg, 141
  • and campaign in Italy, 327
  • and defeat of France, 315, 318.
  • plan to conquer Europe, 312
  • and Soviet Union, 141—42, 194-97, 231, 290, 291, 294-99
  • and Stalingrad, 194-97, 230, 231

Hittites, 98

Hobbes, Thomas, 29

Hoepner, Erich, 291, 297, 298, 315

Hoffman, Max, 285—86, 288

Hohenlohe, Friedrich Ludwig (prince), 84—85

Holland, 215, 313, 315, 323

Holy Roman Empire, 76, 167

Hood, John Bell, 193

Hood, Sir Samuel, 219, 373n.15

Hooker, “Fighting Joe,’ 67, 68, 221—22, 224—29, 365n.12

Horn, Gustav, 170

“Hornet” canister, 13

Horse-archers, 20—21, 98—102, 107, 153—56, 370n.3

Horse chariots, 97

Horses, 97, 98, 101, 157

Hotchkiss, Jedediah, 227

Hoth, Hermann, 291, 293—98

Housecarls, 158-60, 370n.6

Howard, Oliver 0., 226, 227

Howe, William, 209—12, 213, 372n.9

Hundred Years War, 8, 40—41, 54, 163

Hungary, 111—12,114—17

Huns, 49, 154

Hussein (sharif of Mecca), 44

Hussein, Saddam, 2,178, 179, 201, 324

Hydaspes River. See Battle of Hydaspes

Hyksos, 97


IAV. See Interim armored vehicle

Iliad (Homer), 9

Incendiary arrows, 109

Inchon invasion, 197, 348—55

Independence (aircraft carder), 341

India, 72, 98, 215, 303, 329

Indochina, 33, 230

Indus River civilization, 98

Infrared-guided missile system, 360n.10

Integrated information system, 360n.8

Interim armored vehicle (IAV), 18

IRA. See Irish Republican Army

Iran, 356

Iraq, 25, 178, 201, 251, 324, 356

Irish Republican Army (IRA), 24, 25

Isabella (queen), 56

Islam, 25, 362n.2

Islamic Jihad, 24

Israel, 24, 25, 72—73

Issus. See Battle of Issus

Istanbul. See Constantinople

Italy, 127—30, 327—37


Jackson, Thomas J. ‘Stonewall,’ 120, 140, 366n.14

  • and central position, 122—27, 141, 368n.2
  • at Chancellorsville, 221—22, 225—21, 365n.12
  • countering new weapon, 61—67
  • on defending position, 365n.12

Japan, 181, 298, 338—41, 378n.8

Javelin, 47, 257, 259

Javelin missile, 358n.2, 366n.21

Jaxartes River, 325—26

JCS. See Joint Chiefs of Staff

Jebe Noyan, 108—9

Jedbourghs, 27

Jena. See Battle of Jena

Jilinsky Yakov Grigorievich, 286

Joan of Arc, 42

John George of Saxony, 168, 172

John of Gaunt, 41

John of Plano Carpini, 117

Johnson, Louis, 353

Johnson, Lyndon B., 16, 33, 39

Johnston, Joseph E., 122—23, l25—27, 140, 191—93, 368n.2

Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 351—54

Joint direct-attack munition, 359n.4

Joint strike fighter, 359—60n.6

Jomini, Antoine-Henri, 7

Junkers, 283

Justinian (emperor), 48—50, 52


Kachin tribesmen, 27—28

Kadan (prince), 112—15

Kampfgruppen, 17

Kandahar (Afghanistan), 150, 229, 355

Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand (duke of Brunswick), 84

Kashmir, 72

Kasserine Pass, 147

Kassites, 97

Keeley, Lawrence H., 270

Kellermann, François E., 337

Keynes, John Maynard, 277

Khwarezmian Empire, 108, 325, 326

Kiev (Ukraine), 291, 296—97, 299

Kinnard, Harry W.0., 36-37

Kipchaks, 110

Kirponos, Mikhail, 296, 297

Kleist, Ewald von, 291, 293, 295, 297, 316—19, 322

Kluck, Alexander von, 282

Knights, 41, 56, 59, 60, 113, 163 64, 364n.6

Koga, Mineichi, 343, 345

Kolombangara Island, 341

Kongju (South Korea), 87—89, 92

Korean War

  • asymmetry in, 152
  • “breakout to the coast,” 203
  • Chinese role in, 178, 198—200, 253, 351,
  • 355, 371nn.9—10
  • deception in, 120
  • drive to Yalu River, 197—200, 351
  • Inchon invasion, 197, 348-55

Kum River line, 86—92, 93

  • swarming tactics in, 21

Kray von Krajowa, Paul, 331, 333, 337

Kum River, 86—92, 93

Kunsan (Korea), 3152—53

Kutuzov, Mikhail, 262—64, 266, 267, 376n.10, 376n.12

Kuwait, 2

Kwajalein Atoll, 344, 345


Laagers. See Wagon forts

Laden, Osama bin, 24, 357n.1

Lafayette, Marquis de, 217

Lance, 47, 101—2,109, 153,154, 155,157

Lane, James, 228

Lannes, Jean, 266, 268, 333—35, 367n.3

Lapoype, J. F., 336, 378n.4

Lawrence, T. E. See Lawrence of Arabia

Lawrence of Arabia, 43—45

Lech River, 76-78

Lecourbe, Claude, 331—32, 378n.3

Lee, Robert E.

  • at Antietam, 66, 366n.14
  • and central position, 124,126-27
  • at Chancellorsvilie, 221—22, 224—27
  • Civil War tactics, 61—68, 190,191,
  • 366n.19, 368n.2
  • at Gettysburg, 70—71, 301
  • maneuver strategy, 366n.13
  • in Mexican War, 73, 188

Leeb, Wilhelm von, 291, 295, 296

Legg, Stuart, 96

Legionaries, 153, 155

Legrand, Claude Juste Alexandre, 265-66, 268

Leningrad (Soviet Union), 290, 291, 296

Leonardo da Vinci, 370n.9

Leonidas (king), 202

Leopold (king), 321

Leo the Wise (emperor), 105, 165, 364n.5, 367n.5

Leuctra. See Battle of Leuctra

Leuthen See Battle of Leuthen

Leyte (Philippines), 348

Libya, 142—43, 174

Liddell Hart, Basil H., 279, 375n.1

Liebenstein, F.K. von, 145—46

Ligny, 134, 369n.8

Lincoln, Abraham, 65, 66, 67, 122—26, 140, 191 93

Line of battle, 248

Lipscombe Bay (escort carrier), 344

List, Wilhelm, 195, 319

Lobau, Georges, 369n.8

Logan, Edward L., 91

Lombardy (Italy), 127, 129—30, 329

Longbow, 8, 41, 54—55, 58—60, 364n.6

Long-range arrows, 109

Longstreet, James, 68, 70—71

Louis XIV (king), 173

Louisbourg (Cape Breton Island), Ludendorff, Erich, 286-89

Lützen. See Battle of Lützen


MacArthur, Douglas, 197—200, 338, 340, 344, 346, 348-51, 353-55, 371n.10

Macedonia, 254—61

Mack, Karl, 262

Mackensen, August von, 286-88, 377n.10

Main lines of resistance (MLRs), 12, 148—49

Majuro (Marshall Islands), 345

Makin Atoll, 343, 344

Malaya, 47

Man, Chu Hoy, 35—36, 38

Maneuvering, 81

Mangudai, 110

Manifest destiny, 184

Manstein, Erich von, 313, 315, 321, 323, 324

Manzikert (Byzantium), 104—7

Mao Zedong, 28—31, 94, 271, 363nn.9—10

Marcellinus, Ammianus, 153

Marcy, Willlam L., 187

Marengo. See Battle of Marengo

Mareth Line, 143, 144, 148

Mariana Islands, 338, 340, 346—48

Maria Theresa (queen of Hungary and Bohemia), 238

Marmont, A. F. L. V. de, 337

Maine River, 276, 281—82

Marshall Islands, 344—46

Martin, Abraham, 311

Maryland, 65—66, 373n.I2

Masséna, André, 129, 331—35, 337

Matchlock musket, 164, 166, 370n.8

Matilda tanks, 320—21

Maurice (emperor), 367n.5

Maurice of Orange (prince), 165, 166

Maxim, Hiram, 280

Maximilian of Bavaria, 79

McClellan, George B., 65—67, 122—27, 191, 366n.14, 368n.2

McDowell, Irwin, 123—26, 140, 368n.2

McCann, Lionel C., 33

McGrail, Thomas M., 89, 91

McGuire, Hunter, 365n.12

Meade, George C., 68, 366n.19

Medes, 99

Melas, Michael, 331—38

Mellenthin, Friedrich-Wilhelm von, 19

Meloy, Guy S. Jr., 89—91, 92

Mercenaries, 80, 165, 238—39

Mesopotamia, 98,181,182, 261

Meuse River, 313, 316

Mexican War, 61, 73, 184—90, 194

Mexico City (Mexico), 184—90

Micromanagement, 16

Middle East, 24, 25, 97

Milan (Italy), 129, 130, 329, 334—35

Miller, Judith, 25

Milroy, Robert H., 125

Minié, Claude-Étienne, 364n.7

Minié-ball rifle, 8, 61—63, 67, 68, 192, 364—65nn.7—8

Minsk (Soviet Union), 293—94

Missiles, 12

Mitanni people, 98

Mithridates, 258

Mitscher, Marc, 345-47

MLRs See Main lines of resistance

Mobility, 14,18, 75, 109, 154, 165, 11 174, 239

Mohammed (shah), 326

Moltke, Helmuth von, 276—77, 280—8, 285—86, 289

M-113 armored personnel carrier, 11

Mongols, 108-18, 326

Montcalm, Louis-Joseph de, 308—9, 311—12

Montgomery, Bernard Law, 142—44, 148

Montmorency River, 310

Moore, Harold, 38

Morales, Juan, 185

Moreau, Jean Victor, 331, 333, 337, 377—78nn.2—3

Mortimer, Roger, 56

Moscow (Russia), 183, 290, 291, 295—99

Moslems. See Islam

Mount Tapotchau, 348

Murat, Joachim, 84, 263

Murngin Aborigines, 94

Musket, 48, 61, 164, 166, 167, 239, 370nn.8—9, 374n.4

Mussolini, Bonito, 142, 174


Nagasaki (Japan), 338

Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon), 140

Napoleon Bonaparte

  • Battle of Austerlitz, 262—69, 376n.11
  • Battle of Jena and Auerstädt, 82—85
  • Battle of Trafalgar, 248
  • Battle of Waterloo, 15, 130—40, 141, 369nn.8—10
  • and central position, 127-40, 149, 368n.4, 369n.6
  • citizen formations, 81
  • defeat of Russians, 86
  • as dictator of France, 330
  • invasion of Russia, 183
  • Jomini on, 7
  • maneuvers on enemy rear, 325, 328—38
  • as military genius, 7—8, 329
  • penetration of enemy position, 253, 269
  • principal admonitions, 10
  • Spanish campaign, 42, 371n.1
  • “strategic battle,” 254, 262

Napoleon cannons, 68

Narses, 48—49, 52, 54

Nash, Robert K., 91

Navarre, Henri, 230, 231

Needle gun, 365n.l0

Nelson, Horatio, 248—50, 330, 375n.10

Netherlands. See Holland

Networks, 360n.7

New Britain Island, 340, 343, 378n.7

New Carthage (Cartagena), 326

New Georgia Island, 340

New Guinea, 339—41, 343, 346

New Ireland Island, 343

New York City, 215, 373n.14

Ney, Michel, 133—37, 139

Nimitz, Chester W., 340, 344—45

Nineveh (Assyria), 100

Nizari Ismailis. See Assassins

Normandy (France), 233

North, Lord, 210

North Africa, 141-48

North Korea, 356, 378n.15

  • See also Korean War

Nuclear weapons, 3, 151, 357n.3, 378n.15


Oblique order, 240, 242

Octavian. See Caesar Augustus

Odyssey (Homer), 9

Officer corps, 166

Ogedei Khan, 109, 118

Oglala Sioux, 94

Oil, 194—97, 201

Okinawa, 348

Old Point Comfort, 215, 217, 218

Oman, Sir Charles, 43, 364n.6

Oman, Mullah Mohammed, 150

On War (von Clausewitz), 2

Operation Barbarossa, 290-99

Operation Husky, 327

Osama bin Laden. See Laden, Osama bin

Osning Mountains. See Battle of Teutobunger Wald

Osprey aircraft, 18, 361nn.13—14

Ostrogoths, 49—54, 73

Ott, Karl, 332, 335

Oxenstienna, Axel, 79

Ozawa, Jisabuno, 347


Pacific Fleet, 378n.8

Pacific Islands, 338—48

Pakistan, 72, 118

Palau Islands, 346

Palestinian Authority, 24

Palestinians, 24, 25, 72—73

Panzers, 289—98, 313, 315—22, 328

Pappenheim, Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu, 168, 170, 173

Parmenion, 259, 260

Panthians, 101, 154

Pas de Calais, 328

Paulus, Aemilius, 273—75

Paulus, Friedrich, 195

Peace of Amiens, 337

Peace of Lunéville, 337

Peace of Pressburg, 268

Pearl, Daniel, 362n.4

Pednegal (Mexico), 188—89

Persia, 100 102, 181—82, 202, 255—61

Persian Gulf War (1991), 2, 3, 4, 25, 152, 251

Phalanx, 9, 47, 59, 60, 164, 235, 255, 260

Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), 211, 372n.9

Philip II of Macedon, 254 55, 375n.3

Philip VI (king), 56—57

Philippines, 340, 348

Phillips, William, 212

Phoenicia, 258

Pickett, George, 71

Pickett’s Charge, 71, 301—2

Piedmont (Italy), 127—30

Pikes, 164

Pilotless aircraft, 359n.4

Pitt, William, 269, 337

Plains of Abraham, 311

Pleasonton, Alfred, 228

Plei Mei (Vietnam), 36

Pods, 14,16,17, 20

Poitiers. See Battle of Poitiers

Poland, 111—13,167, 289, 290, 312

Polk, James K., 187

Pope, John, 64, 65, 66, 366n.13

Porlier, Juan Diaz, 43

Port Moresby, 339

Portugal, 42

Porus (king), 7, 303—6

Pratzen line, 265—68

Predator unmanned aerial vehicle. 13, 359n.4

Primitive warfare, 270

Prittwitz, Max von, 282, 284—85

Professional soldiers, 80—81, 165

Prussia, 81—85, 92, 238, 282—86

Pusan perimeter, 197, 349, 352, 354


Qi element, 10, 74, 75, 77—78, 83—85, 90, 92

Quadrant Conference, 340, 343

Quatre Bras (Belgium), 132 37

Quebec (Canada), 306 12


Rabaul (New Britain Island), 340, 341, 343, 346

Raids, 270

Rand Corporation, 14

Rappahannock River, 64, 66, 221, 222, 226

Realpolitik, 119

Red Cloud (chief), 94

Reichenau, Walther von, 315

Reinhardt, Georg Hans, 316—18, 321

Rendova Island, 340

Rennenkampf, Pavel, 283—86, 3763

Retreat, 202—31

Rhee, Syngman, 355

Rhine River, 204—5

Rhoesaces, 258

Richmond, Duke of, 133

Richmond (Virginia), 122—23, 140, 191, 221, 368n.2

Robert the Bruce, 40

Robots, 13

Rochambeau, Comte do, 215, 218, 373n. 14

Rodes, Robert E., 228

Rodney, Sir George, 373n.15

Rohr, Willy Martin, 19, 253, 36ln.

Roman Empire, 153—54, 157, 204

Romanus IV Diogenes, 103—7

Rome (ancient), 40, 48—52, 101, 204—9, 272—75

Rommel, Erwin, 15, 140, 142—49, 316, 317, 320, 321, 328

Ronfeldt, David, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21

Rossbach. See Battle of Rossbach

Rouen, Archbishop of, 59

Royal Sovereign (ship), 250

Rules of war

  • defend, then attack, 46—73
  • making uproar in one place and strik-
  • ing in another, 301—23
  • new kinds of, 2
  • penetrating weak point, 252—69
  • as situational, 7
  • of Sun Tzu, 9—10,301
  • throughout history, 6
  • See also Strategy; Tactics

Rumsfeld, Donald H., 119

Rundstedt, Gerd von, 291, 296, 321—22

Rupprecht (prince), 280—81

Russell, Harry, 228

Russell Islands, 340

Russia, 110—11, 183, 262—69,27

  • See also Soviet Union

Saddle, 109, 375n.4

St. Clair, Arthur, 212—13

St. Lawrence River, 308

Saipan, 338, 346—47, 348

Sajo River, 116—17

Samarkand, 326

Samsonov, Alexander, 283, 285—88, 376—77nn.9—10

Santa Ana (ship), 250

Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de, 185—90

Saratoga (aircraft carrier), 341

Saratoga (New York). See Battle of

Saratoga

Sarissa, 255, 258

Sarmatians, 101, 109

Saunders, Charles, 310

Savannah (Georgia), 191, 193

Sbeitla (Tunisia), 145, 146

Schlieffen, Alfred von, 276, 283—84

Schlieffen Plan, 275—84, 289

Schwarzenberg, Karl Philipp, 131

Scipio Africanus, 183, 275, 325—26

Scotland, 40, 55—56

Scott, Winfield, 184—88, 190, 194, 201

Scythians, 99—100, 101

Search-and-destroy tactics, 34

Sebastianus, 154

Second Manassas. See Battle of Second Manassas

Second Punic War, 182, 272

Second World War. See World War 11

Sedgwick, John, 222, 225

Segestes, 207

Seljuk Turks, 103—7

Seminary Ridge (Gettysburg), 70

Seoul (South Korea), 349, 351, 354

September 11(2001), 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 40, 357n.1

Serbia, 277—78

Seven Years War, 127, 215, 238, 307

Seydlitz, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 243—44

Sherman, Forrest P., 353

Sherman, William Tecumseh, 190—94, 365n.8

Shield, 158, 255

Shields, James, 126

Shokaku (aircraft carrier), 347

Sicily (Italy), 327—28

Silesia, 238, 247, 307

Simplon Pass, 331, 332

Slocum, Henry W., 222, 224

“Smart” bombs, 12, 369n.1

Smith, Charles B., 367n.5

Smith, Oliver, 203, 372n.1

Smoke bomb, 109

Snail. See Caracole

Solomon Islands, 338, 339, 343

Somalia, 4—5, 95, 355, 358n.5

Sornme River, 302

Sorge, Richard, 298

Soubise, Charles de Rohan (prince), 240—45

Soult, Nicolas Jean, 265—66, 268, 369n.9

South Africa, 43

South Korea, 356

  • See also Korean War

South Pacific, 338—43

Soviet Union

  • Cuban missile crisis, 3
  • and Korean Wan, 198, 349
  • Stalingnad, 194 97, 230, 231, 234
  • U.S. mid-intensity war against, 33
  • World War II, 141—42, 194—97, 289—99
  • See also Russia

Spain, 42—43, 164—66, 215, 248

Sparta, 235—37

Spear, 101, 155, 158, 160, 164, 235, 255

Spithridates, 258

Spruance, Raymond A., 343, 347

Stalin, Joseph, 142, 195, 290, 293, 295 98

Stalingrad (Soviet Union), 194—97, 230, 231, 234

Stanhope, Hester, 269

Stanton, Edwin M., 125

Staunton (Virginia), 124—25

Stele of Vultures, 9

Steppe tribes, 95—99, 108—9, 157

Stern, Jessica, 362n.3

Stinger missile, 360n.10, 366n.21

Stirrup, 109, 375n.4

Stoneman, George, 222, 224—25

Storm troop” tactics, 19, 253, 361n.l6

STOVL (short takeoff and vertical land­ing), 359n.6

Stradella defile (Italy), 332, 334, 335, 337, 328

Strategicon (Emperor Maurice), 367n.5

Strategy

  • blocking enemy’s retreat, 202-31
  • central position, 121—51)
  • definition of, 8
  • destroying means by which enemy can
  • resist, 180—201
  • Fabian, 40, 183, 273, 275
  • maneuvers on enemy rear, 325-56
  • See also Rules of war; Tactics

Stuart, Jeb, 64, 224, 226, 229

Stuka dive-bombers, 313, 315, 322

Subedei Bahadur, 108-18

Suchet, Louis Gabriel, 332

Suez Canal, 141

Sugar Loaf Hill, 212, 373n.10

Suicide bombers, 24, 25, 72—73

Sung, Kim Il, 86

Sun Tzu, 9—10, 30, 74, 301, 312—13, 324

Swarming and the Future of Conflict (Arquilla and Ronfeldt), 14

Swarming tactics, 14—22

Sweden, 76, 167, 171

Sword, 153, 155, 157, 167


Tactica (Leo the Wise), 105, 165, 364n.5, 367n.5

Tactics

  • caldron battles, 270—300
  • definition of, 8
  • feigned retreat, 94—120
  • fine-and-maneuver, 4,19, 75, 253
  • holding one place, striking another, 74—93
  • landing overwhelming blow, 232—5 1
  • new forms of, 2
  • search-and-destroy, 34
  • striking at enemy weakness, 23-45
  • swarming, 14—22
  • of terrorists, 72
  • See also Strategy

Taejon (South Korea), 86—88

Taepyong-ni (South Korea), 87—90, 92

Taginae. See Battle of Taginae

Taisho (aircraft carrier), 347

Taiwan, 198, 351

Taliban, 12, 16, 25, 93, 149, 152, 179, 180, 201, 232, 251, 300, 303, 355, 359n.4

Tanks, 174—77, 289—90, 313, 320—21, 370—71n.11

Tannenberg. See Battle of Tannenberg

Tarawa Atoll, 343, 344, 845

Tarchaniotes, Joseph, 104

Task Force Smith, 86, 367n.5

Taureg tribesmen, 270—71

Taxila (India), 303

Taylor, Zachary, 185

Tebessa (Tunisia), 146—48

Technology, 230

Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 238

Tercios, 164-67,169

Terrorism

  • cells, 27—28
  • and citizen registration, 362n.5
  • and fear, 362n.3
  • imitation of guerrilla tactics, 23—24, 26
  • irrationality of, 24
  • lack of domestic support, 28
  • methods to destroy, 27
  • murder of Pearl, 362n.4
  • and nuclear weapons, 31
  • prevention against, 20
  • pursuit of, to sources, 26
  • September 11 (2001), 1, 5, 8, 357n.1
  • surprise as key element of, 3
  • tactics of, 72

Tet offensive (Vietnam), 39

Teutoburger Wald. See Battle of Teutoburger Wald

Teutonic Knights, 282—83

Thebes (Greece), 235—37, 255

Theodora (empress), 48

Theodoric (king), 49

Theodosius (emperor), 156

Thirty Years War, 167

Thrace, 154, 156

Thucydides, 9

Tiberius, 205, 209, 372n.4

Tilly, Johan de, 76—78, 92, 93, 168-72

Timoshenko, Semen, 297

Tinian Island, 338, 346

Torstensson, Lennart, 169

Totila (king), 52, 53, 364

Trafalgar. See Battle of Trafalgar

Transylvania, 115

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 190

Tribal warfare, 270— 71

Tripoli (Libya), l42—43

Truk (Caroline Islands), 340, 345—46

Truman, Harry, 197 200, 353—55

T-34 tanks, 293

Tully, Robert, .38

Tunisia, 143—49

Turin (Italy), 129

Turks. See Seljuk Turks

Tyre, siege of, 261


UAVs. See Unmanned aerial vehicles

Ukraine, 290, 293, 296

Ultimate Terrorists, The (Stern), 362n.3

United States

  • in Afghanistan, 13, 16, 25, 75, 93, 149, 150, 152, 180, 181, 201, 229, 232, 251, 300, 355, 359n.4
  • Cuban missile crisis, 3
  • march on Mexico City, 184—90
  • September 11(2001), 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 40,
  • 357n.1
  • in Somalia, 4—5, 355 56, 358n.5
  • terrorist declaration against, 357n.1
  • See also specific wars

United States Ford, 221, 224, 226, 227, 229

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 13


Valencia, Gabriel, 188—89

Valens (emperor), 154—56

Vandenberg, Hoyt 5., 353

Vann, John Paul, 34

Varro, Terentius, 272—75, 276, 287

Varus, Publius Quintilius, 205-8, 229

Veracruz (Mexico), 184, 185

Victor, Claude P., 335, 336

Victory (ship), 249

Vietnam War, 6,16,17, 29—39, 94, 150, 152, 203-4, 230, 363n.14

Villeneuve, Pierre de, 248, 249, 375n.10

Virginia, 64—66, 122—27, 191, 215—20, 373n.12

Vogelkop Peninsula, 346

Volga River, 194, 196

Volunteer armies, 81

von Clausewitz, Carl, 2

V-22 Osprey, 18, 361nn.13—14


Wadlington, Robert L., 88—89

Wagon folk, 205

Wagon forts, 153, 154-55, 205

Walled cities, 163—64, 363n.21, 364n.2 Wallenstein, Albrecht von, 76—80,168,

Walter, Walton H., 86

War(s)

  • conventional, 12, 151
  • future, 2, 8
  • new kind of, 1—10
  • as political act, 2—3
  • revolution in, 11—22
  • See also Rules of war; Strategy; Tactics; specific battles and wars
  • War Before Civilization (Keeley), 270 Washington, George, 211, 215, 217, 218, 220, 307, 373n.14

Waterloo. See Battle of Waterloo

Weapons

  • accurate and powerful, 11, 149, 359n.4, 361n.15
  • defensive and offensive, 47, 280, 366n.21
  • efforts at imitating enemy’s. 46—47
  • employing superior, 151—79
  • nuclear, 3,151, 357n.3
  • standoff, 12, 356
  • See also specific weapons

Wellford, Charles, 227

Wellford, Charles C., 226—27

Wellington, Duke of, 131—36, 138-40, 369n.6, 371n.1

Wenceslas (king), 113, 114

Westmoreland, William C., 35, 39

Wheel-lock musket, 166, 3700.9

Wheel-lock pistol, 165, 370n.9

Whistling arrows, 109

Wietersheim, Gustav von, 318

William Louis of Nassau (prince), 166

William of Normandy, 5-6,158-62, 370n.5

Wilson, Woodrow, 277

Winstead, Otho T., 91

Wittigis (king), 50, 51, 52

Wolfe, James, 306—12

Wolmi-do Island, 354

World War I, 8, 195, 276—89, 302

World War II

  • Battle of Britain, 21
  • campaign in Sicily, 327—28
  • defeat of France, 3 12—23
  • German invasion of Soviet Union, 289—99
  • hedgerows at Normandy, 233
  • Jedburghs, 27
  • Pacific Fleet, 378n.8
  • in Pacific Islands, 338—48
  • Rommel, 142—48, 174—77
  • Stalingrad, 194-97, 230, 231, 234
  • weapons in, 151

Wren, Christopher Percival, 270


Xenophon, 9, 202, 203

Xerxes (king), 202

X-45 combat aerial vehicle, 13


Yalu River, 198, 351

Yemen, 95

Yorktown. See Battle of Yorktown


Zheng element, 10, 74, 75, 77—78, 83—85, 89, 90, 92

Zhukov, Georgy, 299

Ziethen, Hans Ernst von, 132, 133

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