How Great Generals Win

By Bevin Alexander

Index

Italicized page numbers refer to photographs.

Acheson, Dean, 281, 288, 292

Afghanistan, Soviet intervention in, 22

air warfare, 169

  • bomber development, 210
  • Korean War, 284
  • Palestine campaign (World War I), 183—84
  • theories about, 210
  • Western Europe campaign (World War II), 221, 223—24, 233—34

Alexander, Gen. Sir Harold, 274

Alexander the Great, 38n

Allenby, Sir Edmund, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 186, 302

Almond, Maj. Gen. Edward M. (Ned), 285, 287

Alvintzi, Baron Joseph d’, 115, 116, 117, 118. 119, 120

Antietam, battle of, 26

Aqaba, battle of, 176

Arab Revolt against the Turks, 174, 176, 178—79

Arcola, battle of, 117—18

Argenteau, Gen. Count Eugen, 104—5

Arras, battle of, 231—32

artillery, 99—100

  • Bonaparte’s use of, 110, 112, 113
  • technological advances, 169—70

Ashby, Turner, 127, 129, 133, 134, 137

Atlanta, capture of, 153—57, 160

attrition, strategy of, 96

Auchinleck, Sir Claude, 252, 253, 259, 263, 265, 271, 272, 273, 274

Augereau, Charles-Pierre-François, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 112—13, 117—18, 120

Austrian army, 107—20

Baecula, battle of, 52—53

Bagradas Valley campaign, 62—63

Baidar, Prince, 87, 88, 89

Bajalich, Baron Adam von, 119

Balck, Lt. Col. Hermann, 228

Banks, Gen. Nathaniel P., 126, 127, 130, 131, 132—33, 134—35, 140, 145, 301

Barras, Paul de, 100

Barrow, Capt. Robert, 287

Bassano, battle of, 115

battalion square, 98

Batu, Prince, 84, 86, 90, 91—92, 93

Beaulieu, Gen. Baron Johann Peter, 104, 105—6, 107, 108

Beauregard, Pierre G. T., 164

Beersheba, battle of, 179, 181

Bela IV, king of Hungary, 86, 90, 91, 93

Bentonville, battle of, 166

Blair, Frank P., Jr., 155

“blitzkrieg” tactic, 229—30

Bloody Ridge, battle of, 19—21

Bock, Col. Gen. Fedor von, 218, 234

Bo Gu, 200, 201

Bokhara, battle of, 82—83

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 31, 97, 99

  • central position, occupation of, 104, 110, 122, 302
  • convergent assault (“strategic bat­tle” tactic), 36, 110, 112, 113, 122, 305
  • “destruction of enemy’s army” strategy, 29—30, 101, 121
  • diplomatic talents, 120
  • downfall of, 122
  • early successes, 100—101
  • flank / rear attacks, 33—34, 107, 115, 116, 301
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 33, 104, 106, 303
  • see also Italian campaign of Bona­parte

Boteler, Col. A. R., 136, 140, 141

Bourcet, Pierre-Joseph de, 32, 33, 97, 99, 160

Bouvellemont, battle of, ~z8

bow and arrow, 38n, 71, 79, 95

Bradley, Gen. Omar, 281, 284, 288, 291, 292

Bragg, Gen. Braxton, 160, 166

Brauchitsch, Field Marshall Walther von, 219, 233, 237

Braun, Otto, 197, 200, 201

Butler, Benjamin F., 144, 145

Byzantine Empire, 73

Cannae, battle of, 46, 48, 304

  • map of, 47

Cantey, James, 149, 150

Carthage, see Second Punic War

Castiglione, battle of, 110, 112—14, 302, 305

  • map of, 111

cavalry, 37n, 38n, 58, 66, 72, 78—79

central position, occupation of, 122

  • Italian campaign of Bonaparte, 104, 110, 302
  • Shenandoah Valley campaign, 138—39, 302—3

Cervoni, Jean-Baptiste, 104

Chancellorsville, battle of, 142

Chauvin, Nicolas, 97

Chen Yi, 198

Chiang Kai-shek, 187, 191, 194—95, 196—97, 199, 201, 202, 203—4, 205, 208, 304

Chinese Communists:

  • army, development of, i88, 190
  • direct attack strategy, 197—98
  • guerrilla-oriented victories,191,
  • 194—95, 196
  • Japanese, war against, 208
  • Korean War, 36, 281—82, 288—89,
  • 91—97
  • Nationalists, conflict with, 187—88
  • power struggles among, 195—96, 202, 207
  • urban revolution, 190—91
  • victory in 1949, 208, 289
  • see also Long March of Chinese

Communists

Churchill, Sir Winston S., 173, 243, 249, 251, 263, 274

Civil War, American, 34, 259, 300

  • demoralization of Confederate
  • troops, 162—63, 165
  • direct attack strategy, 26—27, 145, 153
  • ending of, 167
  • invasion of North, Jackson’s pro­posal for, 124, 136—37, 140—42
  • western theater, 143, 144
  • see also Shenandoah Valley cam­paign;
  • Southern campaign of Sherman

Claudius Nero, Caius, 54

Clausewitz, Karl von, 28, 30, 31, 107—8n

Cold Harbor, battle of, 27

Colli, Gen. Baron Michael von, 10 105,106, 107

Collins, Gen. J. Lawton, 281, 282

Communist conspiracy of world

conquest, 276, 282, 289

convergent assault strategy, 35-122

  • Italian campaign of Bonaparte, 110, 112, 113, 305
  • Second Punic War, 46, 48, 50, 304—5

Corap, Gen. André, 227

Coulter, John B., 296

Cross Keys, battle of, 139—40

Cruewell, Gen. Ludwig, 254, 25—6, 257—58, 259, 260, 266

Cunningham, Lt. Gen. Sir Alan, 252, 253, 254, 259

Davidovitch, Gen. Paul von, 114, 115, uS

Davis, Gen. Jeff. C., 166

Davis, Jefferson, 124, 129, 132, 136, 137, 140, 141, 147, 154, 156, 164

deceptive strategies, 23, 24—25, 29

  • Long March of Chinese Commu­nists, 201—5
  • Mongol campaigns, 89
  • Palestine campaign (World War I), 179, 181, 184
  • Second Punic War, 55—57, 59—60
  • Shenandoah Valley campaign, 131, 133

defensive weapons, 22

de Gaulle, Gen. Charles, 229

Dego, battle of, 105

desert warfare, 242

destruction of enemy’s army, 29—30

  • Bonaparte’s plan, 101, 121
  • MacArthur’s plan, 281—82, 288
  • Rommel’s plan, 245—46

direct attack strategy, 20—21, 25--26

  • Chinese Communists’ use of, 197—98
  • Civil War, 26—27, 145, 153
  • Korean War, 19—21
  • World War 1, 20—21, 27—28, 170— 71, 172—73
  • World War II, 28

divisional system, 98

Dodge, Grenville, M., 155

Douhet, Giulio, 210

Dunkirk evacuation, 232—34

Eben Emael, battle of, 222

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 298

El Alamein, battle of, 271—74, 275n

Ewell, Richard S., 130, 131, 133, 139

Ezra Church, battle of, 155

Fabian strategy, 45

Fabius Maximus, Quintus, 45, 58

Fair Oaks, battle of, 137

Falkenhayn, Gen. Erich von, 179, 182

feeding of armies, 98

feint maneuver, 71—72, 87

Feisal (Arab leader), 174, 176, 178

firearms:

  • defensive warfare and, 123—24
  • improvements in, 123, 169
  • introduction in Europe, 95—96

Flaminius Nepos, Gaius, 40, 41, 44

flank / rear attacks, 23, 24, 33—35

  • Italian campaign of Bonaparte, 107, 115, 116, 301
  • Korean War, 278, 280, 302
  • Mongol campaigns, 82, 91—92
  • North Africa campaign (World War II), 242—43, 302
  • Palestine campaign (World WarI), 182—86, 302
  • Shenandoah Valley campaign, 133—34, 301—2
  • Southern campaign of Sherman, 149

Forrest, Nathan Bedford, 23, 158

France:

  • military innovations of late 1700s, 97, 98—100
  • Revolution of 1789, 96, 100
  • World War I, 170—73
  • see also Italian campaign of Bona­parte;
  • Western Europe cam­paign (World War II)

Franco-Prussian War of 1870—71, 30

Franklin, battle of, 162

Frederick II, Holy Roman emperor, 86

Frederick the Great, 35

Frémont, John C., 127, 130, 132, 135, 137, 139, 140

Front Royal, battle of, 133

Fuller, Gen. J. F. C., 209

future warfare, 21—22

Galliéni, Gen. J. S., 173

Garnett, Richard B., 129

Genghis Khan, 32, 73, 74, 75

  • commercial interests, 75—77
  • flank / rear attacks, 8a
  • Kara-Khitai, conquest of, 76, 77
  • Khwarezm, conquest of, 76, 77— 78, 81—84
  • least expectation and resistance,
  • focus on areas of, 82, 300
  • political skills, 75

Germany, 30

  • tank warfare program, 210—11, 212
  • World War I:
  • Palestine campaign, 179, 181— 86
  • western front, 27—28, 171~73
  • see also North Africa campaign
  • (World War II); Western Eu­rope campaign (World War II)

Gettysburg, battle of, 26, 142

Godwin-Austen, Lt. Gen. A. R., 252

goniometric sights, 169—70n

Gordon, Col. George H., 134

Göring, Hermann, 233

Gort, Lord, 231

Gott, Lt. Ceo. W. H. E. (Strafer), 264, 273

Grant, Gen. Ulysses S., 34, 144, 167

  • direct attack strategy, 27, 145, 153
  • Southern campaign of Sherman, 145, 147, 158, 159, 161, 163

Great Britain:

  • World War I western front, 172—73
  • World War II western front, 231—34
  • see also North Africa campaign (World War II);
  • Palestine cam­paign (World War I)

Gregory IX, Pope, 86, 92

Gribeauval, Jean Baptiste de, 97, 100

Guderian, Gen. Heinz, 213, 214, 219, 220, 222, 223, 224, 226—229, 232, 234—35

  • tank warfare theory, 211, 212—14

guerrilla warfare, 21—22

  • by Chinese Communists 191, 194—95, 196
  • Fabian strategy, 45

Guibert, Comte de, 33, 97, 98—100

Gustavus Adolphus, king of Swe­den, 36

Halder, Col. Gen. Franz, 219, 220, 237

Halleck, Henry W., 163

Hannibal Barca, ~ 39, 66

  • African campaigns, 62, 63—66
  • convergent assault strategy, 44, 48, 304
  • Italian campaigns, 37, 38—48, 54
  • least expectation and resistance,
  • focus on areas of, 41, 300
  • siege of Rome option, 44—45n

Hanno, 54

Hardee, Gen. William J., 149, 155, 156, 160, 161—62, 165

Harriman, W. Averell, 282

Hasdrubal, 52—54

Hasdrubal Gisgo, ~ 59, 6o, 6i, 305

Heartbreak Ridge, battle of, 19—21

He Long, 198

Henry of Silesia, 88

He Yingqin, Gen., 194

Higgins, Rear Adm. J. M., 285

Hitler, Adolf, 28, 211, 243

  • North Africa campaign, 236, 237, 238, 263, 271, 275
  • Western Europe campaign, 220— 21, 227, 232—33, 234, 301

Hood, Gen. John Bell, 149, 151, 154—58, 159, 162

Hooker, Joseph, 142, 155

Hoppner, Erich, 221, 222, 226, 230

horse archers, 70—72, 73

Hoth, Hermann, 221, 222, 227

Howard, Oliver 0., 155, 159

Hungary, Mongol invasion of, 84, 85, 86—93

Hussein, Sharif of Mecca, 174

Hypolite, Jacques Antoine, 97

Ilipa, battle of, 55—57

Imboden, Brig. Gen. John D., 133n

Inalchik, 78, 82

Inchon invasion:

  • execution of, 284—86
  • map of, 283
  • North Korean response, 285—86, 288
  • planning of, 277, 278—81, 282,
  • Seoul, battle for, 286—88
  • tides situation, 278—80

indirect action strategy, 135

Italian campaign of Bonaparte, 98

  • annihilation strategy, 101, 121
  • armistice, 120
  • Austrians, battles with, 107—20
  • background to, 101, 104
  • central position, occupation of,
  • 104, 110, 302
  • convergent assault (“strategic battle”
  • tactic), 110, 112, 113, 305
  • flank/rear attacks, 107, 115, 116, 301
  • looting operations, 109
  • maps of, 102—3, 111
  • Piedmontese, defeat of, 104—7
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 104, 106, 303

Italy, North Africa campaign of World War II and, 242—43

Jackson, Gen. Thomas J. (Stone­wall), 23, 124, 125, 259, 300

  • background, 126
  • central position, occupation of, 138—39, 302—3
  • death, 142
  • deceptive strategies, 25, 131, 133
  • flank/rear attacks, 133—34, 301—2
  • indirect action strategy, 135
  • invasion of North, proposed, 124, 136—37, 140—42
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of, 129, 131—32, 301
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 33
  • see also Shenandoah Valley cam­paign

Jalal ad-Din, 78, 8u

Japan, 24, 32, 208, 281

Jebe Noyan, 77, 78, 81, 82, 84

Jochi, 81

John of Plano Carpini, 92

Johnson, Edward, 130, 132

Johnson, Louis, 282

Johnston, Gen. Joseph E., 126, 127, 130, 132, 137

  • Sherman, fighting against, 143, 147, 149, 150—54, 164—66

Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 277, 278, 280, 281, 282, 284, 290, 291, 294

Jourbet, Barthélemy C., 119, 120

Kadan, Prince, 87—88, 8g

Kara-Khitai, 76, 77

Keiser, Gen. Laurence B., 296

Kennesaw Mountain, battle of, 152—53

Kernstown, battle of, 129

Khwarezm, 76, 77—78, 81—84, 300

Kilpatrick, Judson, 158, 159, 160—61

Kimball, Col. Nathan, 129

Kim II Sung, 276

Kleist, Gen. Ewald von, 221, 223, 224, 227, 228, 233, 234, 235

Kluck, Alexander von, 172

Kluge, Günther Hans von, 221

knights, 73, 95

Koenig, Pierre, 270

Korean War:

  • air warfare, 284
  • background to, 276
  • cease-fire, 298
  • Chinese involvement, 36, 281—82, 288—89, 291—97
  • “destruction of North Korean army” objective 281—82, 288
  • direct attack strategy, 19—21
  • flank / rear attacks, 278, 280, 302
  • flexibility of Chinese troops, 294
  • invasion of North Korea by U.N., 288—97
  • invasion of South Korea by North Korea, 276, 277, 282, 286—88
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of, 280
  • MacArthur relieved of command, 298
  • MacArthur’s errors in judgment, 290—91, 292, 293, 294
  • map of, 283
  • Pusan perimeter, 277, 282
  • U.N. involvement, decision on, 277
  • U.S. perspective on, 276, 282, 289
  • see also Inchon invasion

Kressenstein, Gen. Kress von, 181

Laelius, Caius, 50, 53, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65

La Harpe, Amédée E. F., 104, 105

Lake Trasimene, battle of, 44

Lawrence, T. E., 174, 175, 176, 178, 182, 183, 186

least expectation and resistance, fo­cus on areas of, 32

  • Korean War, 280
  • Mongol campaigns, 82, 300
  • Second Punic War, 41, 49—50, 300
  • Shenandoah Valley campaign, 129, 131—32, 301
  • Western Europe campaign (World War II), 218—21, 301

Lee, Gen. Robert E., 129, 132, 136, 137, 141—42, 153, 164, 165, 167, 300

  • direct attack strategy, 26—27

Leeb, Col. Gen. Wilhelm von, 218

Liddell Hart, Basil H., 23, 29, 32, 122, 209—10

Liegnitz, battle of, 88

Li Lisan, 190, 191

Ljn Biao, 205

Lincoln, Abraham, a6, 126, 127, 129, 131, 135, 144, 145, 157, 158

List, Col. Gen. Wilhelm, 229

Lloyd George, David, 173, 178

Lodi, battle of, 108

Long March of Chinese Commu­nists, 187

  • battles, 199—200, 203
  • completion of, 207—8
  • Dadu River crossing, 205—7
  • deceptive maneuvers, 201—5
  • destination of, 198
  • events leading to, 197—98
  • firepower of Communists, 199
  • Mao’s leadership role, 200—201
  • map of, 192—93
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 201—2, 304
  • psychological impact, 207,208
  • Yangtze River crossing, 204—5

Ludendorff, Erich, 179

MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 279

  • flank / rear attacks, 278, 280, 302
  • least expectation and resistance,
  • focus on areas of, 280
  • self-image of, 278, 291
  • World War II, 281
  • see also Inchon invasion; Korean War

McClellan, Gen. George B., 126, 127, 130, 135, 137, 142

McDowell, battle of, 132

McDowell, Irvin, 126, 129, 131, 135, 140, 301

machine guns, 169

McPherson, James B., 149, 150, 153, 154, 155

magazine rifles, 169

Maginot Line, 209, 214, 218, 235

Mago, 40, 54, 5~, 57, 62

Manassas, second battle of, 259, 300

mangudai units, 8o, 88

manoeuvre sur les derrières, 34, 107, 115, 116, 121

Manstein, Gen. Erich von, 214, 215, 218—20, 235, 301

Mantua, siege of, 108—10, 114, 115—16, 118—20

Mao Zedong, 189, 289

  • background, 187
  • deceptive strategies, 201—5
  • guerrilla-oriented victories, 191, 194—95, 196
  • military power, faith in, i88, 19
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 201—2, 304
  • power struggles within CCP, 195—96, 202, 207
  • see also Long March of Chinese Communists

Marengo campaign, 34

Maine, battle of the, 172

Masinissa, 58, 60, 61—62, 63, 64, 65

masse de rupture tactic, 110, 112, 113

Masséna, André, 105, 106, 108, 110, 112—13, 116, 117, 119, 120

Meinertzhagen, Col. Richard, 181

Mersa Matruh, battle of, 272—73

Metaurus, battle of, 54

Milroy, Robert H., 131, 132

Minié, Claude-Etienne, 12311

Mohammed, Ala ed-Din, 76, 77—78, 81, 82, 83

Moltke, Helmuth von, 27, 28, 171— 72

Mondovi, battle of, 106

Mongols:

  • commercial interests, 75—77
  • fall from power, 94
  • flank /rear attacks, 82, 91—92
  • homelands of, 67, 70
  • horse archers, 70—72
  • Hungary, invasion of, 84, 8~, 86— 93
  • Kara-Khitai, conquest of, 76, 77
  • Khwarezm, conquest of, 76, 77— 78, 81—84, 300
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of, 82, 300
  • maps of military campaigns, 68—69, 85
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 32—33, 89—90, 303
  • rise to power, 73, 75
  • Russian campaign, 86
  • war machine of, 78—81, 94

Montenotte, battle of, 104—5

Montgomery, Gen. Sir Bernard, 274—75

Morgarten, battle of, 95n

Murray, Gen. Sir Archibald, 174, 176

Mussolini, Benito, 237

Napoleon I, emperor of France, see Bonaparte, Napoleon

Napoleonic doctrine, 29—30

Neame, Lt. Gen. Sir Philip, 244, 248

Nehring, Gen. Walter, 266

New Carthage, battle of, 49—50, 52

Norrie, Lt. Gen. C. W. M., 253, 255, 264

North Africa campaign (World War II):

  • antitank weapons, 246
  • attrition and destruction strategy, 245—46
  • Balkan theater and, 243—44
  • British-Italian confrontations, 242—43
  • British mistakes, 253, 268
  • Cyrenaica, German conquest of, 242, 248—49
  • defeat of Axis forces, 275
  • defensive operations by Germans, 246—47, 250—51
  • desert warfare, 242
  • flank / rear attacks, 242—43, 302
  • German decision on, 237, 240
  • German mistakes, 257, 273
  • map of, 238—39
  • military significance, 236—37
  • Montgomery’s offensive of Octo­ber, 1942, 274—75
  • Operation Battleaxe, 250—51
  • Operation Brevity, 249—50
  • Operation Crusader, 251—61
  • reinforcements for both armies, 262, 263
  • Rommel’s counteroffensive of January, 1942, 262—63
  • Rommel’s offensive of May—July, 1942, 263—74
  • Rommel’s strike at heart of enemy resistance, 258—59
  • tank forces, 244—45, 247—48, 263— 64
  • turning point of, 273

nuclear war, 22

O’Connor, Lt. Gen. Sir Richard, 242, 244, 248

offensive à outrance (headlong at­tack), 170—71

Ogedei, 82, 84, 93

Otrar, battle of, 82

Palestine campaign (World War I), 168

  • air warfare, 183—84
  • Allenby named commander of, 178
  • Arab Revolt against the Turks, 174, 176, 178—79
  • climatic conditions, 174, 182
  • deceptive strategies, 179, 181, 184
  • flank / rear attacks, 182—86, 302
  • Gaza line, cracking of, 179, 181
  • map of, 180
  • railways, targeting of, 176, 178— 79, 183
  • surrender of Turks, i86

Paris (Trojan War figure), 23

Paris, Or the Future of War (Liddell Hart), 209—10

Parthians, 72—73

Paulus, Aemilius, 45, 46

Peach Tree Creek, battle of, 154—55

Pearl Harbor, attack on, 24, 32

Peng Dehuai, Gen., 198, 292, 293, 294

Persian Gulf War, 22, 24

Pickett, George, 142

“plan with branches” strategy, 32— 33

  • Italian campaign of Bonaparte, 104,106, 303
  • Long March of Chinese Commu­nists, 201—2, 304
  • Mongols’ use of, 32—33, 89—90, 303
  • origins of, 97, 98
  • Southern campaign of Sherman, 33, 160, 163, 303—4

Polk, Leonidas, 147, 150

Polybius, 48, 65

Pope, Gen. John, 259

professional standing armies, intro­duction of, 96

Provera, Johann, 119, 120

Pusan perimeter, 277, 282

Quasdanovitch, Gen. Peter, 109, 110

radio telegraph, 169

Randolph, George W., 129—30

rear attacks, see flank / rear attacks

Reichenau, Walther von, 221

Reinhardt, Georg Hans, 221, 222, 224, 227, 232

resistance of enemy, breaking of, 30—31

  • Second Punic War, 50, 58, 62—63
  • Southern campaign of Sherman, 147, 157, 162, 167

Rey, Antoine, 119

Rhee, Syngman, 276

Ricketts, James B., 137

Ritchie, Lt. Gen. Sir Neil, 259, 263, 265, 267, 270, 271

Rivoli, battle of, 119, 120

Roman Empire:

  • consuls, 46fl
  • Eurasian nomad tribes, conflicts with, 72—73
  • see also Second Punic War

Rommel, Field Marshal Erwin, 241

  • attrition and destruction strategy, 245—46
  • background of, 240
  • defensive strategy, 265
  • Western Europe campaign, 222, 225, 227, 231—32, 240
  • see also North Africa campaign (World War II)

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 96

Rundstedt, Col. Ceo. Gerd von, 218, 220, 232, 233

Rupprecht, prince of Bavaria, 172

Russia, Mongol invasion of, 86

Russo-Japanese War of 1904—5, 170

Sajo River, battle of, 91—92

Saka tribe, 3811

Samarkand, 75, 83

Sanders, Gen. Liman von, 182, 184,

Sarmatians, 72

Saxton, Rufus, 135

Schlieffen, Count Alfred von, 171

Schlieffen Plan, 27, 171—72

Schofield, John M., 149, 150, 154, 162, 164

Schwarzkopf, Gen. H. Norman, 24

Scipio, Gnaeus, 39, 48, 49

Scipio, Publius Cornelius, the El­der, 38, 40, 48, 49

Scipio Africanus, 30, 51

  • African campaigns, 57—66
  • cavalry, use of, 58, 66
  • convergent assault strategy, 50, 52, 304—5
  • deceptive strategies, 55—57, 59— 60
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of 49—50, 300
  • resistance of enemy, breaking of, 50, 58, 62—63
  • Spanish campaigns, 49—50, 52—53, 54—57

Second Punic War, 30, 37

  • African campaigns, 57—66
  • aftermath of, 66
  • ambushes, 44
  • cavalry forces, 37n, 38n, 58, 66
  • convergent assault strategy, 46, 48, 50, 52, 304—5
  • deceptive strategies, 55—57, 59— 60
  • guerrilla warfare, 45
  • Italian campaigns, 37, 38—48, 53— 54
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of, 41, 49—50, 300
  • maps of, 42—43, 47
  • peace negotiations, 62
  • resistance of enemy, breaking of, 50, ~8, 62—63

siege of Rome Option, 44—45n

Spanish campaigns, 48—50, 52—53, 54—57

Sedan, battle of (1940), 225

Seoul, battle for, 286—88

Sérurier, Jean-Mathieu, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 112, 113

Servilius Geminus, Cnaeus, 40

Seven Days, battles of the, 142

Shenandoah Valley campaign, 33

  • background to, 124, 126—27
  • battles, 129, 132, 133, 134—35, 139—40
  • cavalry failures, 134
  • central position, occupation of, 138—39, 302—3
  • deceptive strategies, 131, 133
  • ending of, 140
  • flank / rear attacks, 133—34, 301—2
  • indirect action strategy, 135
  • Jackson’s objectives, 127
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of
  • 129, 131—32, 301
  • map of, 128
  • retreat southward, 136—37

Sheridan, Gen. Philip H., 167

Sherman, Adm. Forrest P., 282

Sherman, Gen. William Tecumseh, 23, 27, 144, 146

  • flank / rear attacks, 149
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 33, 160, 163, 303—4
  • resistance of enemy, breaking of, 30—31, 147, 157,
  • 162, 167
  • see also Southern campaign of Sherman

Shields, James, 127, 129, 131, 137— 39, 140

sieges, 44—45n

Silanus, Marcus, 54

Silk Road, 75—77, 93—94

Slocum, Henry Warner, 159

Smith, Maj. Gen. Oliver P., 287

Sophonisba, 59, 60, 61—62

South African War (1899—1902), 196—97

Southern campaign of Sherman:

  • Atlanta, capture of, 153—57, 160
  • battles, 152—53, 154—56, 166
  • Confederate strategy, 147, 149
  • destruction of property, 152, 157, 159—60, 161, 164
  • flank / rear attacks, 149
  • Grant’s instructions to Sherman, 147, 161
  • long-term effect, 167
  • map of, 148
  • march through the Carolinas, 163—67
  • march to the sea, 157—62
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 33, 160, 163, 303—4
  • political significance, 143—44, 153, 157
  • resistance of enemy, breaking of, 30—31, 147, 157, 162, 167
  • supply lines and, 151, 156, 158— 59
  • Union advances and Confederate
  • retreats, 149—52, 153—54, 156— 57

Spencer, Herbert, 97

sports-war analogies, 24—25

Stalin, Joseph, 276, 288

Stalingrad, battle of, 28

Stanton, Edwin M., 131, 135

Stonne, battle of, 226

Storrs, Ronald, 174

“strategic battle” tactic, 36, 110, 112, 113, 122, 305

Student, Kurt, 221

Subedei Bahadur, 73, 78

  • Hungary, invasion of, 84, 86—87, 88, 89—93
  • Khwarezm, conquest of, 81, 82, 83
  • “plan with branches” strategy, 32—33, 89—90, 303

Sun Du, 204

Sun Tzu, 29, 31, 34, 305

Switzerland, 95n

Syphax, 59, 6o, 6i

Taiwan, 282

tank warfare:

  • antitank weapons, 246
  • basic concept, 211
  • in desert areas, 242
  • German program, 210—11, 212
  • mixed battle groups of armor, guns,
  • and infantry, 225—26
  • theories about, 209—10, 211, 212— 14
  • see also North Africa campaign (World War II);
  • Western Eu­rope campaign (World War II)

Taylor, Richard, 133, 135

technology of warfare, 21, 168—70

Teil, Chevalier Jean du, 97, 100

Third Communist International (Comintern), 188, 190, 191

Thirty Years War, 36, 96

Thoma, Maj. Gen. Wilhelm von, 237

Thomas, Gen. George H., 149, 150, 154, 158, 159, 162

Tiberius, Sempronius Longus, 40

Tilly, Marshal, 36

Tobruk battles, 249—51, 260—61, 271

Toulon, battle of, 100

trench warfare, 20—21

Trimble, Isaac R., 139

Truman, Harry, 276, 277, 281, 282, 284, 288, 289, 290, 292, 298

Turkey, 173

  • see also Palestine campaign (World War I)

Tyler, Col. Erastus B., 139—40

Ulm campaign, 34

United Nations, 277

United States, see Civil War, Ameri­can; Korean War

Utica, battle of, 59—60

Vandenberg, Gen. Hoyt S., 281

Van Fleet, Lt. Gen. James A., 19

Varro, Terentius, 45, 46

Vaubois, Gen. Charles-Henri, 116, 117

Vicksburg, battle of, 34

Victor, Claude P., 119

Walker, Lt. Gen. Walton H., 293, 294, 296

Wang Jialie, 202, 203

Waterloo, battle of, 25

Wavell, Gen. Sir Archibald, 178, 242, 244, 248, 249, 252

Wejh, battle of, 176

Wellington, Duke of, 25

Wenceslas, king of Bohemia, 88—89

Western Europe campaign (World War II), 32, 240

  • air strikes, 221, 223—24, 233—34
  • Belgium, invasion of, 22 1—23, 226, 230
  • “blitzkrieg” tactic, 229—30
  • British counterattack, 231—32
  • defensive obstructions, 214, 218
  • Dunkirk evacuation, 232—34
  • France, invasion of, 223—35
  • least expectation and resistance, focus on areas of,
  • 218—21, 301
  • map of, 216—17
  • Meuse River crossing, 223—24
  • Netherlands, invasion of, 221
  • overview of, 214

Weygand, Gen. Maxime, 234

Wheeler, Joseph, 149, 156, 160, 161

Wietersheim, Gustav von, 221, 226, 229

Williams, A. S., 166

Winchester, battle of, 134—35

Wolmi-do, battle of, 284—85

World War 1, 30

  • Balkan theater, 173—74
  • direct attack strategy, 20—2 1, 27— 28, 170—71, 172—73
  • naval blockade of Germany, 174n
  • western front, 27—28, 170—73
  • see also Palestine campaign
  • World War II, 24, 32
  • air warfare, 210
  • Balkan theater, 243—44
  • in China, 208
  • direct attack strategy, 28
  • Pacific theater, 281
  • Poland, invasion of, 211, 212
  • see also North Africa campaign; Western
  • Europe campaign

Würmser, Gen. Dagobert, 109, 110, 112—14, 115, 120

Xue Yue, Gen., 201

Yang Chengwu, 206

Zama, battle of, 63—66

Zhang Guotao, 198, 207, 208

Zhou Enlai, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 291

Zhou Hunyuan, 199

Zhu De, 188, 191, 195, 199, 200

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